Internal and External Plots

Plays, novels, screenplays and epic poems often have internal and external plots. This article will discuss how to use these most effectively, and what these terms actually mean.  An external plot is what we might think of as all the action that is directly visible. It sometimes can be best understood in a physical sense, … Read more

How to Run a Creative Writing Workshop or Class

Whether it’s fiction, poetry, plays, or screenplays, all writers can benefit from a creative writing workshop. So how do you run one, or organise one with your friends and colleagues?  I’ve taught, or run, creative writing workshops at university level, and I’m going to share what I’ve learned with you below. The Technical Elements of … Read more

How to Teach Yourself Creative Writing

Whether you write fiction, poetry, plays, or screenplays you can absolutely teach yourself how to be a creative writer. Letter Review believes that in each great work of art are all the rules and lessons you need to create a great work of art. So grab your favourite piece of creative writing and start analysing … Read more

The Best Guide to Mythical Creatures

This article introduces and provides information about the most common mythical creatures used in story telling, and should be useful for writers of fiction, plays, screenplays, and poetry!  Some of our favourite stories feature mythical creatures prominently, right? For instance Harry Potter, or Lord of the Rings, or Homer’s Iliad and Odyssey. Let’s dive right … Read more

Everything Should Advance Plot or Reveal Character

If you are writing a novel, a short story, a play, or a screenplay then everything in your story should advance the plot or reveal character. Do you sometimes find that a section of your story is lacking in dramatic tension, or feels a bit aimless or underwhelming? Perhaps a moment feels a bit tangential … Read more

How to use Foreshadowing to Avoid Deus Ex Machina

First up let’s give the shortest version of the answer possible: foreshadowing is when you introduce a story element early in your story, before it plays a large and pivotal role later in your story.  This stops the audience feeling like they have been cheated by the author when something that is ‘too convenient’ or … Read more

Why Chekhov’s Gun is Wrong and Worthless

Them’s fightin words, right? Here’s a hot take for you. Chekhov was wrong about this one. Everything people say about the ‘Chekhov’s gun’ rule is worthless. A much better maxim is that ‘everything in story should reveal character or advance the plot.’ Chekhov forgot about the ‘reveal character’ bit when he wrote his comments about … Read more

How to Use Aristotle’s Poetics for Fiction, Plays, and Screenplays

If you are a writer of narratives (novelist, short story writer, playwright, screenplay writer) you’ve probably heard of Aristotle, and are curious about how Aristotle’s theories can help contemporary writers like you!  In his work titled Poetics, Aristotle focuses mainly on tragedy, but we can interpret that a little more broadly today that he intended … Read more

What is the Hero’s Journey? An introduction with examples

So you’ve heard about the Hero’s Journey, but it’s kind of complicated right? This article will introduce you to the basics, with plenty of examples, and walk you through an introduction to Joseph Campbell and Christoper Vogler’s work! One title I’ll address is ‘The Writer’s Journey: Mythic Structure for Writers” by Christopher Vogler. The title … Read more

How to Write a Great Central Question in a Story

So you’re writing a play, novel, or screenplay (or anything with a narrative including nature documentaries … perhaps even academic essays) and you want to include a great central question. This article will explain what a central question is, and how to craft a gripping one!  Establish your Super Objective First of all you need … Read more